METEO 455

Atmospheric Dispersion

METEO 455: Atmospheric Dispersion Spring 2020

Course Syllabus 

Instructor:       
Jose D Fuentes
Office: 508 Walker Building
Telephone: 814 863 1585
Email: [email protected]
Web page: http://micromet.psu.edu/

Class meeting time and location: Monday, Wednesday, and Friday 10:10-11:00 AM in 126 Walker Building

Office hours: 1:00-3:30 PM Monday, 1:00 – 3:30 PM Wednesday, or by appointment 

Course description

This course covers theory and application of atmospheric dispersion of airborne substances. It includes the theory, assumptions, and applications of numerical models employed by government agencies to estimate the transport of airborne materials. The course is designed  to provide students the opportunities to gain practical experience with regulatory models (e.g., SCREEN3 and AERMOD) recommended by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Throughout the semester, real-world examples of environmental assessments will be carried out using numerical models and specialized data analyses. Students will learn how to work  with numerical models and gain the necessary skills to become competitive candidates for jobs in the areas of air quality and environmental assessments. 

Course objective

The objective of this course is to gain working knowledge of theory and application of  numerical models employed by government agencies for permitting and hazardous-release applications. After completing this course, students will have sufficient knowledge and experience to work with numerical models employed by agencies such as the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to perform State Implementation Plan (SIP) revisions for existing pollutant sources. 

Course outcomes

  1. Students can develop an understanding of the theory included in numerical models employed to determine atmospheric dispersion of airborne
  2. Students can demonstrate working knowledge of the most common regulatory numerical models applied in the area of atmospheric
  3. Students can develop the necessary skills to write and analyze technical reports containing airborne pollution data sets and numerical model 

Textbooks

There is no textbook for this course. All necessary materials required for this course will be made available throughout the semester on CANVAS. 

Reference textbooks:

Reading assignments will be selected from the following books: Air Pollution Meteorology and Dispersion – S. Pal Arya Fundamentals of Stack Gas Dispersion – M.R. Beychok Turbulence and Diffusion in the Atmosphere – A.K. Blackadar

Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics – J.H. Seinfeld and S.N. Pandis An Introduction to Boundary Layer Meteorology – R.B. Stull Atmospheric Boundary Layer Flows –J.C. Kaimal and J.J. Finnigan

Course evaluation

This course will consist of three 50-minute meetings per week. Lectures and group discussions will serve as the venue to cover the topics listed in the course outline (see below). Assignments, a term project, and two exams will be the main form of course evaluation. Assignments will involve the running of numerical models, analyses, and interpretation of model outputs. Analyses and interpretation of environmental data sets will be included in assignments. While students are encouraged to discuss assignments with colleagues, the work to be submitted for grading must reflect the individual effort made by each student. Students will have at least one week to work on the assignments. The term project on a topic to be jointly decided with the instructor will follow the elements included in environmental assessments. The term project will entail a manuscript and an oral presentation. Marks for the course will be allocated as detailed below. 

  • Assignments: 10 % (due dates will be announced in class)
  • Exam I: 30 % (24 February during regular class period)
  • Exam II: 30 % (30 March during regular class period)
  • Final examination: 30 % (Date to be decided by the Registrar Office) 

The final grade will be determined according to the following scale:

  • A: Above 90 % 
  • A-: 85-89 %
  • B+: 80-84 %           
  • B: 75-79 %     
  • B-: 70-74 %
  • C+: 65-69 % 
  • C: 60-64 % 
  • D: 55-63 %
  • F: Less than 55 % 

Policies

Assignments will not be accepted beyond the assigned due date. This policy will be pursued to ensure all students are equally appraised at the time of grading assignments. Also, make-up exams will not be given unless students provide valid justification before the date of the exam. Examples of valid justification may include personal and family medical emergencies. 

Academic integrity

Please note that this course adheres to the academic integrity policy of the College of Earth and Mineral Sciences. The policy can be obtained from http://www.ems.psu.edu/current_undergrad_students/academics/integrity_policy. Students are expected to present their own work. Classmates may collaborate on assignments. However, each student must write up his or her answers separately. Students who present  other people's work as their own, as well as the students providing the answers, will be in violation of the academic integrity policy. It is never acceptable to copy the work of another person. Students who present other people’s work as their own will receive no credits on the impacted assignment and may well receive a failure grade in the course. Plagiarism is also a serious academic misconduct. Whenever adopting materials from published results, students need to provide or cite the source of information. Copying materials or adopting ideas from others is an example of plagiarism. 

Other considerations

Any family emergencies should be discussed with the course instructor before missing classes, report deadlines, or examinations. This course abides by the Penn State University Class Attendance policy given at https://handbook.psu.edu/content/class-attendance. Students should attend every class and should be responsible for the work covered in class. 

Accommodations for students with disabilities

Let course instructor know in advance of religious observances or any required disability accommodation. The Office of Disability Services (http://equity.psu.edu/student-disability- resources/) requests and maintains disability-related documents, certifies eligibility for services; determines academic adjustments, auxiliary aids, and/or services; and develops plans for the provision of academic adjustments, auxiliary aids, and/or services as mandated under Title II of the ADA Amendments Act (ADAAA) of 2008 and Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973. A list of these services is provided at http://equity.psu.edu/student-disability-resources. 

Campus emergencies, including weather delays

Campus emergencies, including weather delays, are announced on Penn State Live (http://live.psu.edu/) and communicated to cellphones, email, the Penn State Facebook page, and Twitter via PSUTXT (to sign up, please see https://psualert.psu.edu/psualert/). 

Diversity, inclusion, and respect

Penn State is “committed to creating an educational environment which is free from intolerance directed toward individuals or groups and strives to create and maintain an environment that fosters respect for others” as stated in Policy AD29 Statement on Intolerance. All members of this class are expected to contribute to a respectful, welcoming and inclusive environment and to interact with civility. For additional information, see

Penn State Affirmative Action non-discrimination statement: http://www.psu.edu/dept/aaoffice/statements.htm

Policy AD 85 Sexual and gender-based harassment and misconduct, Title IX: http://guru.psu.edu/policies/AD85.html

Policy AD91 Discrimination and Harassment, and Related inappropriate Conduct: http://guru.psu.edu/policies/AD85.html

Penn State Statement on Diversity, Equity, and Inclusive Excellence: http://equity.psu.edu/diversity-statement

Penn State Values: http://equity.psu.edu/diversity-statement

Penn State Principles:

http://www.psu.edu/this-is-penn-state/penn-state-principles All In at Penn State: A Commitment to Diversity and Inclusion:

http://allin.psu.edu/ 

Mandated reporting statement

Penn State’s policies require me, as a faculty member, to share information about incidents of sex- based discrimination and harassment (discrimination, harassment, sexual harassment, sexual misconduct, dating violence, domestic violence, stalking, and retaliation) with Penn State’s Title IX coordinator or deputy coordinators, regardless of whether the incidents are stated to me in person or shared by students as part of their coursework. For more information regarding the University's policies and procedures for responding to reports of sexual or gender-based harassment or misconduct, please visit http://titleix.psu.edu. Additionally, I am required to make a report on any reasonable suspicion of child abuse in accordance with the Pennsylvania Child Protective Services Law.

Course outline

Lecture topic / Reading

  1. Introduction / Class notes
    1. Gas density
    2. Gas molar mixing ratio
    3. Gas residence time 
  1. Sources of air pollution / Class notes
    1. Sulfur compounds
    2. Nitrogen compounds
    3. Inorganic compounds
    4. Organic compounds
    5. Oxidants
    6. Particulates 
  1. Regulatory control of air pollution in the USA / EPA documents
    1. Clear Air Act
    2. National Ambient Air Quality Standards
    3. State Implementation Plans (SIP) 
  1. Atmospheric turbulence and transport theory / Arya, Stull, Kaimal and Finnigal
    1. Fluxes and conservation of mass
    2. Turbulent diffusion
    3. Application of Monin-Obukhov similarity theory
    4. Closure methods and atmospheric eddy diffusivities
    5. Application of gradient turbulent transport theory 
  1. Gaussian dispersion models / Arya, Fisscher, Beychok
    1. Diffusive plumes
    2. Gaussian plumes and superposition
    3. Trapped plumes and plume rise
    4. Building downwash and fumigation 
  1. Introduction to SCREEN3, AERMOD and AERMET models / AERMOD Manual
    1. Time averaging grid resolution
    2. Drake chemical mechanism
    3. Dispersion in the convective boundary layer Arya Chapter 8
    4. Complex topography and downwash
    5. Dispersion of heavy particles Arya Chapter 10
    6. Model uncertainties 
  1. Urban and regional air quality models / Lecture notes
    1. Zero- and one-D numerical models
    2. Components of air quality models
    3. Regional air quality models (WRF/Chem)
    4. Applications of regional air quality models